琴歌“移情造境”审美理念的阐释

104 The Interpretive Significance of the Aesthetic Concept of "Empathizing and Creating Circumstances" in Songs with Qin Zither

琴歌艺术在漫长的历史发展中,糅声乐与琴乐、文学为一体,不仅涵盖了叙事性、戏剧性、描写性等多种体裁,且在演唱实践中也注重想象、联想、直觉等多种心理要素的综合运用。琴曲《水仙操》题解中所载的“移情造境”理念,反映出琴学传统表演理论话语中独特的艺术创造思维。“移情造境”作为一种特殊的艺术思维形式,重视人与外在环境的感应,强调了歌曲二度创作中的立意层次和精神造诣。文章拟从“以技达意”“以声塑形”“以心造境”三个方面来对“移情造境”的阐释意义进行粗浅的探讨,以期能为当代民族声乐艺术提供有价值的参考。

In the long history,Songs with Qin Zither has been integrated with vocal music,Qin music and literature.It not only covers a variety of genres of narrative,dramatic,and descriptive,but also focuses on the comprehensive application of various psychological elements such as imagination,association,and intuition in singing.The concept of empathizing and creating circumstances in the notes of The Daffodils(Shui Xian Cao in Chinese,Songs with Qin Zither)reflects the unique artistic creative thinking in the discourse of classical performance theory of Qin music.As a special form of artistic thinking,empathizing and creating circumstances attach importance to the induction between human and the external environment,and emphasize the level of conception and spiritual attainments in the second creation of the song.In order to provide valuable reference for the contemporary national vocal music art,this paper discusses the interpretive significance of empathizing and creating circumstances from the following three aspects:expressing ideas with skill,shaping with sound and creating circumstance with heart.