石勒的年号选择与政权合法性建设

Shile’s Reign Title Choice and the Construction of the Legitimacy of the Political Power

羯胡石勒早在319年已脱离屠各刘氏,独立称王,但迟至330年才正式称帝。其霸业稽延10年之久,除受制于前、后赵东西对峙的局面外,在政治上亟需构建自身统治合法性,亦是一关键因素。其中319-328年使用的王号纪年,即无年号纪年,尤其引人注目,它是石勒建设政权合法性的重要举措。新出土的《汉故散骑常侍右光禄大夫濮阳景侯张公之碑》和《赵浮图澄造像释迦像碑跋》中,河北民众对屠各汉国的历史记忆、对前赵“光初”年号的认同,从侧面反映出石勒王国期确立政治合法性的艰难历程。前、后赵在319-324年不战不和的“中间”状态,在一定程度上影响了河北民众的上述立场。

As early as 319,the Jiehu Shile broke away from the Tuge Liu and became a king independently,but it was not until 330 that he officially became an emperor.The 10-year delay of the Later Zhao’s hegemony is ascribed to not only the restriction of the confrontation between the Former Zhao and the Later Zhao but also the urgency for the construction of the legitimacy of its self-rule.It is notable that the date from 319 to 328 was noted by the regnal year rather than era name,which is actually Shile’s significant measure for the construction of the legitimacy of the political power.The newly unearthed two inscriptions showed the Hebei people’s historical memories of the Han Dynasty and their identification of the reign title“Guangchu”of the Former Zhao,which reflected the difficulty of establishing political legitimacy for Shile Kingdom.The“intermediate”state of“neither war nor peace”between Former Zhao and the Later Zhao affected the above-mentioned position of the Hebei people to a certain extent.