陕西省精神科床位资源现状的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the resource current situation of psychiatric beds in Shaanxi province

目的在考虑精神科住院治疗“急慢分治”的前提下,提出适合陕西省的床位配置方案,为陕西省精神卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法通过对陕西省所有的精神卫生专业机构进行问卷调查,掌握精神卫生床位资源现状。结合文献综述获取目前精神科住院的主要病种患病率和急慢性住院治疗的比例、住院日等数据,根据WHO推荐的精神科床位配置计算公式,计算精神科床位需求量,并将其与实际情况进行比较。结果陕西省精神科实际开放床位数为9584张(2.53张/万人),理论较低配置为7825张(2.06张/万人),其中急性床位3352张,慢性床位4473张;中等配置需16462张(4.34张/万人),其中急性床位11989张,慢性床位4473张;较高配置34156张(9.01张/万人),其中急性床位20747张,慢性床位13409张。结论陕西省精神科开放床位总数达到最低理论配置水平,不同地区间存在明显差异。建议精神科床位资源配置分阶段进行,在满足最低配置的前提下,逐步加强床位建设。根据病情需要,实行急慢分治,合理布局,实现床位资源的优化配置。

Objective On the premise of"acute and chronic partition treatment"of considering psychiatric hospitalization treatment,a rational allocation scheme of psychiatric beds in Shaanxi province was proposed to provide a reference for mental health resource allocation in Shaanxi province.Methods The psychiatric beds resources condition was mastered by questionnaire survey to all mental health professional institutions in Shaanxi province.The data were acquired by literature review including the prevalence rate of the major mental disorders and proportion of acute and chronic hospitalizatinos treatment and hospitalization days of inpatients in psychiatric department.According to the calculation formula of psychiatric bed allocation recommended by WHO,the demand of psychiatric beds were calculated and compared with the actual situation.Results There were 9584 psychiatric open beds(2.53 per 10000 population)in Shaanxi province.The theoretical lower allocation was 7825 psychiatric beds(2.06 per 10000 population),including 3352 acute beds and 4473 chronic beds.The medium allocation was 16462 beds(4.34 per 10000 population),including 11989 acute beds and 4473 chronic beds.The higher allocation was 34156 beds(9.01 per 10000 population),including 20747 acute beds and 13409 chronic beds.Conclusion The total number of psychiatric open beds reached the lowest level of theoretical allocation in psychiatric department of Shaanxi province,and there were obvious differences between different regions.It is suggested that the resource allocation of psychiatric beds should be carried out in stages,and the construction of beds should be strengthened gradually on the premise of meeting the lower allocation.According to the needs of the disease,implement the acute and chronic partition treatment,make a reasonable layout,and realize the optimal allocation of bed resources.