种子生长法构筑超疏水-超亲油滤纸及其在油水分离中的应用

Construction of Superhydrophobic-Superoleophilic Filter Paper by Seed Growing Method and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

近年来,原油和工业有机溶剂的泄漏严重破坏了生物赖以生存的生态环境。为了净化被油污染的水域,寻求一种快速、高效的油水分离材料迫在眉睫。利用原位还原法和种子生长法在滤纸表面自组装一层纳米银颗粒,经十二烷基硫醇接枝改性降低其表面能,成功制备具有耐化学腐蚀、热稳定性好、油水分离特性优异的超疏水-超亲油滤纸。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、接触角测试仪对超疏水-超亲油滤纸进行表征,结果表明水滴在其表面的最大接触角为155°,滚动角小于5°,而油滴能瞬间透过滤纸,对各种油水混合液具有较高的分离能力,油水分离效率高达88%,分离后对收集的油进行红外光谱分析,并没有检测到明显的水峰。超疏水-超亲油滤纸制备过程简易、纳米银和滤纸之间的粘附力强,在油水分离中有较好的应用前景。

In recent years,the leakage of crude oil and industrial organic solvents has seriously damaged the ecological environment where the orga-nisms live.It was urgent to purify the water polluted by oil and search for a fast and efficient oil-water separation material.In this paper,a la-yer of silver nanoparticles was assembled on the surface of filter paper by in-situ reduction method and seed growth method,its surface energy was reduced by grafting modification of dodecyl thiol and the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper with chemical corrosion resistance,thermal stability and excellent oil-water separation characteristics was successfully prepared.The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper was characterized by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer and contact angle tester.The results show the maximum contact angle of water droplet on the surface is 155°,rolling angle is less than 5°,the oil droplets can instantly through the filter paper,having high capacity of separation a variety of oil-water mixture,and oil-water separation efficiency is as high as 88%.Meanwhile,the oil which has been separated from water was analyzed by infrared spectrum,and there is no clear water peak was detected.So superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper has a good application prospect in oil-water separation,because its preparation process was simple and the adhesion between silver nanometer and filter paper was strong.