农民合作社研究的多维度特征与发展态势分析——基于1992～2019年国家社科和自科基金项目的实证研究

Multi-dimensional Characteristics and Development Trend of Research on Farmers’ Cooperatives: An Analysis Based on an Empirical Study of Projects Sponsored by National Social Science Fund of China and National Natural Science Foundation of China in 1992-20

国家基金项目的资助情况可以在一定程度上反映某一学科或研究方向的基本特征和研究动态。本文以1992~2019年国家社会科学基金与国家自然科学基金立项的以“合作社”为主题的165项数据为样本,利用SQL Server数据库管理系统和ROST NAT软件,对合作社项目的基本情况、研究群体特征和热点主题进行实证分析。研究结果表明:第一,合作社项目具有重大项目立项较少、理论研究不足、国家自科基金的项目论文产出比总体高于国家社科基金等特征。第二,合作社研究群体具有核心研究机构不够突出、研究力量区域分布不均衡、大多数项目负责人对合作社研究的延续性不够等特征;第三,合作社项目研究热点主要集中在合作社制度和机制、合作社法律、合作社治理等方面。在综合分析合作社的研究热点、政策及文献的基础上,本文认为,合作社与乡村治理、合作社规范化、股份合作社、合作社产业化经营、合作社的文化和社会功能等主题值得学界重点关注和深化研究。

To a certain extent,the projects sponsored by national funds can reflect the basic characteristics and research trends of a certain discipline or research direction.Based on a sample of 165 projects selected from a list of projects themed“cooperatives”sponsored by the National Social Science Fund of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1992 to 2019,this article uses SQL Server and ROST NAT software to conduct an empirical analysis on the basic situations and characteristics of research groups and hot topics.The results show that,firstly,the projects of cooperative studies have been characterized by less key-type projects,insufficient theoretical research,and a higher output ratio of project papers sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation.Secondly,the cooperative research groups have been featured by a lack of prominent core research institutions,unbalanced regional distribution of research forces,and insufficient continuity in cooperative studies of the majority of project leaders.Thirdly,cooperative studies have mainly focused on cooperative system and mechanism,cooperative laws and cooperative governance.Through a comprehensive analysis of hot topics,current central policies and related journal literature,this study holds that the following topics in cooperative studies deserve the attention and further in-depth research,namely,cooperatives and rural governance,standardization of cooperatives,shareholding cooperatives,industrialized operation of cooperatives,as well as cultural and social functions of cooperatives.