经济发达地区耕地利用系统健康空间差异与影响因素——以厦门市同安区为例

Spatial variation and impact factors of cropland use system health in developed region:a case study on Tongan District, Xiamen City

以经济发达的福建省厦门市同安区为研究区域,从利用状态、肥力质量、环境质量和产出效益4个方面选取相关指标,构建区域耕地利用系统健康综合评价指标体系;借助GIS技术和物元模型,开展1∶50000比例尺区域耕地利用系统健康评价,分析区域耕地利用系统健康的空间差异及其影响因素.结果表明:研究区内超过50%的耕地处于健康水平,超过30%的耕地处于不健康水平,耕地利用系统健康状况空间差异明显.其中健康的耕地利用系统主要分布在研究区中部和南部,而研究区北部大部分耕地利用系统的健康状况处于临界状态和不健康水平;祥平街道、大同街道和凤南农场耕地利用系统的健康状况较好,而西柯镇耕地利用系统健康状况较差;旱地利用系统健康状况优于水田和水浇地;距离居民点和交通道路较近区域的耕地利用系统健康状况较好.研究区耕地利用系统健康状况除受有机质、土壤养分和坡度等自然因素影响外,还受区域经济发展、种植模式和结构以及经济区位等人为因素的影响.

To evaluate the healthiness of cropland use in developed regions,a comprehensive evaluation system,which comprised indicators like land use degree,soil fertility and quality,environment quality,and outcome efficiency,was proposed.An evaluation was performed upon.GIS spatial cropland and soil type database of Tongan District,Xiamen City,Fujian Province,at 1∶50000 scale.Spatial variation of the health condition of cropland use system in Tongan and its impact factors were analyzed using matter element model.The results showed that over half of the total cropland in Tongan was healthy,whereas over 30%was under an unhealthy condition,demonstrating a noticeable spatial variation upon cropland use system.Cropland use system on healthy status mainly concentrated in the central and southern parts of the district while cropland use system in northern Tongan tended to be in a critical to unhealthy state.In terms of township,cropland use system in towns of Xiangping,Datong and Fengnan were relatively satisfactory,while that of Xike Town was poor.When it comes to land use method,health condition dry land was better than that of paddy field and irrigated land.And healthiness of cropland which was adjacent to residential area and roads was good.In general,the health of cropland use system in the study area was not only affected by natural factors,such as organic matter,soil nutrients and slope,but also by anthropogenic factors such as economic level,cultivation pattern,agricultural structure and economic landscape.