中国夫妻“共同财产”清偿一方“个人债务”的补偿立法研究

A Legislative Study on Compensation for Satisfaction of “Separate Debt” with “Community Property” in China

对于以夫妻共同财产清偿夫妻一方个人债务之后当事人是否可以获得补偿、如何获得补偿,欧洲国家和美国数州的所得共同制均予以明确规定,我国所得共同制未设专门规定。在损害是否补偿的问题上,欧洲国家和美国数州的所得共同制均规定,婚姻共同体或非债务方配偶有权获得补偿。我国所得共同制应予借鉴。在补偿的数额问题上,我国所得共同制应该规定,补偿的数额包括增值。在补偿请求权的担保问题上,我国所得共同制应该规定,剩余的共同财产应为法定担保财产。在损害补偿债务的履行期限问题上,我国所得共同制应该规定,补偿请求权在婚姻关系存期期间也可以行使。

European countries and several states of the United States have stipulated explicitly that in terms of whether using community property to liquidate personal debts needs compensation or not and how to achieve compensation.However,there is still a loophole in the contemporary Chinese law.Among the community property system adopted in European countries and several states of the USA in light of whether to be compensated,they have stipulated without exception that the community should be compensated.Chinese law should adopt it.With respect to the amount of compensation,Chinese law should guarantee that the measure is appreciation.In terms of the security for compensation,Chinese law should guarantee that the other community property is security.When it comes to the deadline for performance of this debt,Chinese law should make sure that it can be performed immediately.