霍尔锚与斯贝克锚在黏土中的落锚深度模型试验

Model Tests on Penetration Depth of Hall Anchor and Speke Anchor in Clay Soil

为更好地分析船舶应急抛锚贯入深度,结合实际河床的工程地质资料,开展模型试验研究。试验共进行22组,分别考虑霍尔锚、斯贝克锚在黏土中的贯入深度,并分析土体强度、抛锚速度、水平速度等影响因素。试验结果表明:锚的贯入深度随贯入速度的增加而增加、随土体强度的增大而减小;在相同贯入速度和土体强度条件下,霍尔锚的贯入深度大于斯贝克锚的贯入深度;抛锚初始水平速度会使锚在水平方向上移动一定的距离,但对锚的竖直贯入深度影响较小。根据试验结果拟合了可用于本工程条件下霍尔锚和斯贝克锚贯入深度与锚的总能量间的经验公式。通过对比,计算结果与试验结果吻合度较好。

In the course of construction and operation,a tunnel project crossing the channel is faced with the risk of emergency anchoring from passing vessels.The emergency anchorage penetration depth is very important for the design of tunnel engineering.Due to the different engineering geological conditions of different tunnel projects,it is not easy to accurately predict the emergency anchoring penetration depth of ships under actual engineering geology.In order to decide the depth of ship emergency anchor penetration more reasonably,a model test research according to the engineering geological data of actual riverbed was carried out.A total of 22 groups of tests were conducted.The penetration depths of the Hall and Speke anchors in clay were examined,and the influencing factors such as soil strength,anchoring speed and horizontal velocity were analyzed.The test results show that the penetration depth of the anchor increases with the penetration velocity and decreases with the increase of the soil strength.The initial horizontal velocity of the anchor will make the anchor move a certain distance in the horizontal direction,but it has little effect on the vertical penetration depth of the anchor.According to the test results,the empirical formula which can be used to describe the penetration depth of the Hall anchor and the Speke anchor is found through data fitting.Comparison shows that the calculated results agree well with the test results.