临床医学八年制本科生多阶段心理状况调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of multi-grades psychological status of eight-year undergraduates in clinical medicine

目的通过调查不同学年八年制医学本科生的心理健康状况,分析其影响因素,以便提出改善学生心理健康的对策,提高学生的心理健康水平。方法采用问卷方法对我校五至七年级本科医学生进行心理健康现况调查,并按照不同年级分组,分析组间差异。应用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验的统计学方法进行数据分析。结果问卷回收率96.5%,合格问卷164份。14例学生(8.5%)有抑郁情绪,28例(17%)有焦虑问题。57例(34.76%)需要心理自评问卷的协助,110例(67.07%)需要抑郁及焦虑情绪疏导的帮助。六年级医学生对抑郁/焦虑情绪疏导的需求比例与五年级(82%vs 50%;P<0.05)、七年级(82%vs 57%;P<0.05)学生相比显著增高。86.67%的七年级学生曾进行心理问卷自评,高于五年级组(64.29%,P<0.05),较六年级组无显著差异。结论不同学习阶段的八年制医学生的心理健康状态存在差异,不同程度存在情绪调试障碍。需要多方面采用有效措施进行心理学支持及干预。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of eight-year medical undergraduates in different academic years and to analyze the influencing factors, so as to put forward countermeasures to improve the mental health of students. Methods Questionnaires were used to investigate the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in grades 5 to 7 in our university. The differences among groups were analyzed according to different grades. The statistical methods of Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used for data analysis. Results The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 96.5%, and 164 qualified questionnaires were obtained. Fourteen students(8.5%) had depression and 28(17%) had anxiety problems. Fifty-seven cases(34.76%) needed the help of self-rating questionnaire and 110 cases(67.07%) needed the help of depression and anxiety counseling. The proportion of demand for depression/anxiety counseling among sixth grade medical students was significantly higher than that of fifth grade(82% vs 50%;P<0.05) and seventh grade(82% vs 57%;P<0.05). As much as 86.67% of the seventh grade students had self-rating psychological questionnaires, higher than the fifth grade group(64.29%, P<0.05) with no significant difference with the sixth grade group. Conclusions The mental health status of eight-year medical students in different learning stages is different, and there are emotional adjustment disorders different degrees. Effective measures they need to support and psychologically intervention.