香蕉茎叶青贮对山羊羔羊生长、营养物质表观消化率及血清指标的影响

Effects of Banana Stem and Leaves Silage on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Indexes of Goat Kids

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例香蕉茎叶青贮对山羊羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清指标的影响。试验选取3~4月龄、体重相近、健康状况良好的断奶山羊羔羊96只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每重复4只羊。对照组(A组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(B、C、D组)分别用香蕉茎叶青贮代替基础饲粮中33%、66%、100%的牛鞭草,使饲粮中香蕉茎叶青贮添加比例分别达到21.5%、43.0%、65.2%。饲养试验持续35 d,其中预试期5 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:随着饲粮中香蕉茎叶青贮添加比例的提高,山羊羔羊的平均日增重呈线性降低(P<0.05),D组羔羊的干物质采食量和平均日增重有低于A组的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10);山羊羔羊的干物质、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率随着饲粮中香蕉茎叶青贮添加比例的提高呈线性升高(P<0.05),且D组羔羊的干物质和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率有高于A组的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10);粗蛋白质表观消化率随着饲粮中香蕉茎叶青贮添加比例的提高呈线性降低(P<0.05),且C、D组显著低于B组(P<0.05);C、D组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量显著高于A、B组(P<0.05),C、D组血清总蛋白(TP)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、球蛋白(GLOB)与尿酸(UA)含量显著低于B组(P<0.05)。综上,在饲粮中添加43.0%~65.2%香蕉茎叶青贮可提高山羊羔羊的抗氧化能力,但会降低粗蛋白质表观消化率,实际应用中需要在饲粮中适当补充粗蛋白质和能量,并提高香蕉茎叶青贮的适口性,以增加采食量。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diets with different adding proportions of banana stems and leaves silage(BSLS) on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum indexes of goat kids. A total of 96 weaned goats aged 3 to 4 months,with similar body weight and good health,were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 4 goats in each replicate. The goat kids in control group(group A) were fed a basal diet,while the others in experimental groups(groups B,C and D) were fed the basal diet in which 33%,66%,and 100% of Hemarthria compressa was replaced with equal amounts of BSLS,to make the BSLS adding proportions reached 21.5%,43.0% and 65.2%,respectively. The feeding experiment lasted for 35 days included a 5-day pre-test period and a 30-day test period.The results showed that the average daily gain of goat kids decreased linearly with the increase of dietary BSLS adding proportion(P<0.05),and the average daily gain and dry matter intake in group D had a decrease trend compared with group A(0.05≤P≤0.10). Whereas the apparent digestibility of dry matter,acid detergent fiber increased linearly with the increase of dietary BSLS adding proportion(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of dry matter and acid detergent fiber in group D had a decrease trend compared with group A(0.05≤P≤0.10). The apparent digestibility of crude protein decreased linearly with the increase of dietary BSLS adding proportion(P< 0. 05),and it in groups C and D was significantly decreased compared with group A(P<0.05). Serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity,insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) content in groups C and D were significantly higher than those in groups A and B(P<0.05),whereas serum total protein(TP),immunoglobulin G(IgG),globulin(GLOB) and uric acid(UA) contents in groups C and D were significantly lower than those in group B(P<0.05). In summary,adding 43.0% to 65.2% BSLS into diets can improve the antioxidant capacity of goat kids,but will reduce the apparent digestibility of crude protein. In practical application,it is necessary to provide appropriate crude protein and energy in diets,and improve the palatability of BSLS,so as to increase feed intake.