江西某废弃钨冶炼厂场地土壤重金属污染特征与风险评价

In-situ Soil Pollution by Heavy Metal in an abandoned Tungsten Smelting Plant

为防止场地土壤重金属污染对环境质量和人体健康造成损害,采用ICP-MS分析了江西某废弃钨冶炼厂场地土壤样品中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As等5种重金属含量,并分别采用单项污染指数法、综合指数法和潜在生态风险评价法对重金属污染进行评价。结果表明,场地土壤重金属分布具有明显的空间分异特征,污染程度排序为:废料堆放场>生产车间排水口>水塘旁>菜地>生产车间>养殖生活区。污染指数与生态风险评价结果均表明该场地土壤受重金属污染严重,尤其是钨矿伴生的Cd、Cu、Pb污染,在未来的土壤修复工作中应因地制宜地优先治理重污染的地块与重金属。

In order to prevent damage to environmental quality and human health caused by heavy metal pollution in the soil,ICPMS was used to analyze the contents of five heavy metals such as Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd and As in the soil sample of a waste tungsten smelter in Jiangxi.Single pollution index,comprehensive index and potential ecological risk assessment method were applied to evaluation the situation.The results showed that the distribution of heavy metals in the soil characterized spatial differentiation,and the seriousness of pollution is ranked as waste dumping area>drainage>pond surroundings>planting fields>workshop>breeding area.Both the pollution index and the ecological risk assessment results indicated that the in-situ soil is seriously polluted by heavy metals,especially the Cd,Cu and Pb associated with tungsten ore.In the following soil remediation,priority should be given to the treatment of heavily polluted land and heavy metals.