传统村落就地旅游城镇化的可持续路径——以陕西袁家村为例

A Sustainable Path for Local Tourism Urbanization of Traditional Villages——Taking Yuanjia Village in Shannxi Province as an Example

传统村落继承了历史给予的文化遗产价值,同时也在努力寻找自身持续发展的方向。在中国生态文明时代快速城镇化背景下,传统村落在如何兼顾遗产保护与可持续发展这一议题上亟须更多的理论支持与实践经验,就地旅游城镇化为此提供了一条可行出路。文章以袁家村为研究对象,基于田野调查和对以村落原居民和新居民为主的城镇化主体的访谈与问卷调查,从物质、社会、精神3个层面分析其以旅游为导向的就地城镇化过程,兼具此3层框架的旅游城镇化路径具有嵌入性、内生性、赋权性和网络性特点,是可持续的;其作为传统村落,通过旅游纪念品、观光、度假和体验产品的设计,完成了文化遗产保护与活化利用的双重历史使命。

Traditional villages have inherited the cultural heritage given by history,and are also trying to find the direction of their sustainable development.Under the social background of China's rapid urbanization,traditional villages need more theoretical support and practical experience on how to balance heritage protection and sustainable development.Tourism urbanization provides a feasible way.Taking Yuanjia Village in Shannxi Province as the research object,based on the field investigation and interviews and questionnaire surveys of the original residents and new villagers'emotion perception,this paper analyzes the tourism oriented urbanization process from three aspects:material,social and spiritual,and concluded that the three-layer framework of tourism urbanization path has characteristics as embedded,endogenous,empowerment and network.The path is sustainable.As a traditional village,through the design of souvenirs,sightseeing,vacation and experience products,it has completed the dual mission of cultural heritage protection and utilization.In spirit level Yuanjia Village has woken up its cultural memory and has dug the spirit of its traditional value,and has created a new era value.In the future,traditional village development should pay attention to the spiritual and cultural level,and the traditional village tourism urbanization process must be combined with effective system arrangement and a moderate amount of heritage activation strategy.