化肥和有机肥配施对西辽河平原盐碱地碱化特征的影响

Effects of Chemical and Organic Fertilizer Combinations on Alkalization Characteristics of Saline-alkali Soil in the West Liaohe Plains

为研究不同施肥方式对西辽河平原盐碱地碱化特征的影响,在试验区施入等量的氧化钙、羊粪、玉米秸秆及沙子的基础上,按照不同配比施入有机肥、化肥并种植青贮玉米,测定土壤碱化度、Ph、交换性钠含量、阳离子交换量、水溶性盐分以及阴离子和阳离子含量.结果表明,HY3试验小区的施肥比为最佳方案,交换性钠含量较CK降幅最大,为3.09 cmol·kg^(-1);CEC含量为16.70 cmol·kg^(-1),比处理HY5与CK分别高3.16cmol·kg^(-1),2.70 cmol·kg^(-1);碱化度有所降低;全盐量含量最低,为3.50 g·kg^(-1),较CK降低了30.83%.阳离子中钾离子变化不显著,钙镁离子含量都有所增加,但钠离子有所减少.阴离子中氯离子及硫酸根含量很少,变化均不明显,但碳酸根和碳酸氢根含量均显著降低.

The effects of different fertilization methods on the alkalization characteristics of saline-alkali soil in the West Liaohe Plain were determined. Silage maize was planted with organic manure and chemical fertilizer according to different proportions on the basis of applying the same amount of calcium oxide,sheep manure,corn straw and sand. The soil alkalinity,pH,exchangeable sodium content,cation exchange capacity,water-soluble salt and anion and cation content were monitored. The fertilization ratio of the HY3 plot have offered the best scheme,with the ex changeable sodium content decreasing more than in the CK(3.09 cmol kg-1). In the HY3 plot,the content of CEC was 16.70 cmol kg-1,which was 3.16 cmol kg-1 and 2.70 cmol kg-1 higher than that of the treated HY5 and CK,plots respectively. Furthermore,the alkalinity was reduced;the content of total salt was the lowest(3.50 g kg-1),which was 30.83% lower than in the CK. Potassium ions in cations did not change significantly,calcium and magnesium ions increased,but sodium ions decreased. The chloride and sulfate content in anions were low,and the changes were not obvious,but the carbonate and bicarbonate content were significantly reduced.