乳酸菌制剂对肉鸡生长性能、盲肠菌群和免疫器官的影响

Effects of Lactobacillus Preparation on Growth Performance, Cecal Bacterial and Immune Organs of Broilers

为研究添加不同量的乳酸菌制剂对817肉鸡生长性能、盲肠菌群和免疫器官的影响,选取1日龄817肉鸡720只,随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在基础日粮中分别添加100、200、300和400 mg/kg的乳酸菌制剂,试验期49 d,分1~21 d和22~49 d两个阶段。结果显示:(1)1~21 d,在日粮中添加乳酸菌制剂能提高肉鸡日增重和成活率,降低料重比,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组作用显著(P<0.05);22~49 d,Ⅱ组肉鸡日增重、料重比和成活率与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验全期,添加200mg/kg乳酸菌制剂效果最好;(2)与对照组相比,整个试验期各处理组肉鸡盲肠乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量明显提高,大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌数量明显降低,其中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异显著(P<0.05);(3)与对照组相比,21 d时Ⅳ组脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),42 d时各试验组脾脏指数均显著提高(P<0.05);各试验组肉鸡胸腺指数和法氏囊指数有所增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,添加200 mg/kg乳酸菌制剂对817肉鸡生长性能促进效果最好,400 mg/kg添加量对肠道菌群平衡及免疫功能促进效果较好。

To study the effect of different doses of Lactobacillus preparation on growth performance, cecal bacterial and immune organs of 817 broilers. 720 one-day old 817 broilers were divided into five groups randomly;the broilers in control group were fed with a basal diet, and Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg Lactobacillus preparations respectively. The whole experiment period was 49 days, including two phases of 1 to 21 d and 22 to 49 d. The results showed that:(1) from 1 to 21 d,dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus preparation could increase daily weight gain and survival ratio, and lower feed conversion of broilers;specifically, effects on Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were significant(P<0.05);from 22 to 49 d,compared with control group, the daily weight gain, feed conversion and survival ratio improve significantly with group Ⅱ(P<0.05), and addition of 200 mg/kg Lactobacillus preparation had the best effect in the whole period.(2)Compared with control group, the number of cecal Lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium had increased obviously,cecal E.coli and Salmonella had decreased obviously with each experimental groups in the whole period, and the difference between Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ groups(P<0.05) were significant.(3) Compared with control group, spleen index of Ⅳgroup was significantly improved at 21 d(P<0.05), spleen index of each experimental groups were significantly improved at 42 d(P<0.05);thymus and bursa of fabricius indexes of each experimental groups were higher than that in control group, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05). In conclusion, the biggest improvement for growth performance of 817 broilers was addition of 200 mg/kg Lactobacillus preparation, but addition of 400 mg/kg was better for balance of intestinal bacterial and immune function improvement under the condition of experiment.