石油类本科高校科技创新效率分析

Analysis on the Efficiency of Technological Innovations in Petroleum Universities

运用DEA-BCC模型和DEA-Malmquist指数模型分析方法,对2007-2016年我国石油类本科高校的科技创新效率进行测度评价。结果表明:静态来看,2016年我国石油类本科高校科技创新综合效率、规模效率和纯技术效率均没有能够达到DEA有效,且各石油高校存在显著的差异性。石油高校科技创新资源配置规模与结构是提升科技创新综合效率的重要要素。从动态来看,大部分石油本科高校科技创新效率全要素生产率具有明显下降趋势,科技创新技术进步指数和技术效率变化指数两者较低是导致石油本科高校科技创新全要素生产率有所下降的重要原因。提升我国石油本科高校的科技创新效率应该逐步完善高校科研管理机制,培育高端技术科研人才;瞄准能源领域科技前沿,深化高校科技创新供给;加强产学研合作,推进科技创新成果市场转化。

By using DEA-BCC model and DEA-Malmquist index model, we make a comprehensive comparative analysis of the overall static and dynamic efficiency of technological innovations in China’s petroleum universities from 2007 to 2016. The results show that all comprehensive, scale and pure efficiencies of technological innovations in China’s petroleum universities in 2016 fall short of DEA, and apparent discrepancies exist between universities.The scale and structure of resource allocations are key to the comprehensive efficiency of technological innovations.From a dynamic perspective, the total factor productivity of the innovation efficiency of most petroleum universities is decreasing conspicuously, and the lower indexes of technological progress and change of technological efficiency are important factors contributing to the decline of total factor productivity of technology innovations. To improve the efficiency of innovations, we should improve the management of scientific research in universities, educate high-end technical and research talents, target at the frontiers of energy science and technology, increase supplies for university innovations, strengthen cooperation between industry, university and research organization, and promote the marketization of the innovations.