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水利系统首台进口ADCP在长江口成功开发应用对国产ADCP推广应用的启示

Enlightenment from the Successful Development and Application of the First Imported ADCP in the Yangtze River Estuary to the Promotion and Application of Domestic ADCP
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摘要 声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers,ADCP),是美国RD公司八十年代初研发生产,用于海洋海流调查的仪器,ADCP能同时采集流速、流向、水深、回波强度、航速等要素,在海洋调查中得到广泛应用。长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文实验站在1990年率先引进了美国RDI公司的窄带DR-600k ADCP,解决了长江口江面宽、风浪大、传统测验方式难以收集完整全潮潮流资料的难题。经过RD公司专家来现场安装、调试、培训等过程,历经两年在长江口徐六泾站及长江中游九江站、大通站进行专项比测试验,掌握了ADCP的操作方法,熟悉参数设置及优化,开发了ADCP数据处理软件,成功应用于长江口潮流测验。20纪90年代至今国产ADCP研制从诞生到产品不断出现,可以借鉴首台引进ADCP的成功经验。本文应与流速仪进行比测(比对),收集不同水文环境的资料样本进行分析研究,资料分析时宜与TRDI的WinRiver软件采集的船速、流速、水深等数据进行对比分析,优化国产ADCP软件的功能,提高国产ADCP软硬件的性能。使用单位购买ADCP后应进行必要的外围设备配置如GNSS、外接罗经等,制定严格的操作规程、建立ADCP维护保养制度,以保证ADCP能正常收集资料。生产厂家要建立野外服务公告,对用户在使用过程中遇到的问题及处理方式方法进行公布,同时收集和分享用户的使用经验。 Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers(ADCP)is a marine current survey instrument which developed and produced by American RD Company in the early 1980s.As a widely used instrument,ADCP could be used to simultaneously collect data of current velocity and direction,water depth,echo intensity,navigational speed and other factors.Yangtze River Estuary Investigation Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources took the lead in importing the narrow-band DR-600k ADCP of American RDI Company in 1990,successfully solved the problems confronted during the Yangtze River Estuary survey:wide river,strong wind and waves,as well as the difficulty of collecting complete tidal current data by traditional survey method.After on-site installation,adjustment and training made by RD company experts,as well as the special comparison test carried out at the Xuliujing Station in the Yangtze River Estuary,the Jiujiang Station and Datong Station in the middle reach of the Yangtze River for 2 years,the operation of ADCP was finally mastered.And ADCP data processing software was developed and successfully applied to the Yangtze River Estuary survey after proper parameter setting and optimization.Since the 1990s,the development of domestic ADCP has been significantly accelerated,and how to learn from the successful experience of importing the first ADCP has become an important issue.Several useful experience has been summarized in this study.Firstly,ADCP should be compared with the current meter;secondly,data samples should be collected from different hydrological environments for analysis and research;thirdly,collected data should be revised using ship speed,current velocity,water depth and other data in WinRIver software.Apparently,these methods could be used to optimize the function of domestic ADCP software and hardware.After purchasing the ADCP,the necessary peripheral equipment configuration such as GNSS and external compass should be carried out to establish strict operating procedures,and the ADCP maintenance system should be established to ensure the normal operation of ADCP.The manufacturer shall establish a field service announcement,in an attempt to announce the problems encountered by the users during the use and how to deal with them.In addition,collecting and sharing the user's experience is also an important task.
作者 胡国栋 李伯昌 施慧燕 HU Guo-dong;LI Bo-chang;SHI Hui-yan(angtze River Estuary Investigation Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China)
出处 《海洋信息》 2019年第4期53-59,共7页 Marine Information
关键词 ADCP GNSS 罗经 潮流 比测 ADCP GNSS compass tidal current comparative test
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