非正规就业:国际组织的视角

Informal Employment: the Perspective of International Organizations

近年来,非正规就业逐渐得到国际组织的关注。①目前全世界有数亿工人属于非正规就业,非正规就业的分布情况在发达国家与发展中国家及各地区差异明显。非正式工人无法享受最基本的用工准则和工作权利,甚至可能面临包括强迫劳动和奴役劳动在内的严重威胁,且在沟通渠道方面存在问题。国际组织针对非正规就业向正规就业过渡转型问题,积极采取相应措施:世界就业联盟提供优质的私营就业服务,为求职者和工人提供体面的工作;国际劳工组织制定相关方案、意见书,并已在国家间达成一致意见;经济合作与发展组织对非正规经济中普遍存在的脆弱性进行深入分析,探索改善非正规经济中工人生活的新思路。

In recent years,informal employment has gradually attracted the attention of international organizations.At present,about two billion workers are in informal employment.There is also substantial difference between developed and developing countries and regions.Informal workers are devoid of the most basic principles and rights of work and exposed to serious threats,including forced and bonded labour.Moreover,there exist communication problems.International organizations actively take corresponding measures to support the transition from informal to formal work.The World Employment Confederation provides decent work to jobseekers and workers.International Labor Organization has developed relevant programs and submissions,which have reached consensus among countries.Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development conducts an in-depth analysis of the vulnerabilities prevailing in the informal economy and explores new ideas for improving the lives of workers in the informal economy.