自杀呈现中的自杀预防——法语动画电影《自杀专卖店》的多模态话语分析

Suicide Prevention in the Representation of Suicide: Multimodal Discourse Analysis of French Animation Film Le Magasin des Suicides

考察法语动画电影《自杀专卖店》是如何运用语言、视觉和听觉等符号资源呈现出多种自杀方式,却起到预防自杀的目的。系统功能多模态话语分析以镜头为单位,在表现意义层面寻找主线和支线故事,聚焦角色间和角色内部有关自杀的不同声音以及这些声音的符号表现,并探究声音间的对话性和所建构的生命意义。自杀专卖店的存在是承认自杀现象、自杀需求的存在,直面自杀,乃至认为自杀者的想法是有合理性的。而使用多模态资源建构一种自杀预防,主要借助支线故事中生命的力量,通过角色之间和角色内部有关自杀的多声对话:语言资源的选择、面部表情和动作、背景色调和曲调以及介入系统的借言子系统中对立、否定、认同和接纳资源的使用,解构自杀,反对自杀,使用声音间的差异和呼应建构出生命意义。

This paper examines how French animation film Le Magasin des Suicides uses linguistic,visual and audio resources to prevent suicide in the representation of suicide methods.Systemic functional multimodal discourse analysis of ideational meaning uses shot as the unit of analysis to identify dominant stories and alternative stories,voices among and within the characters,voices representation,the dialogism among voices andthe meaning of life implied.The findings reveal that the existence of suicide shops means to acknowledge the suicide,people?s suicidal needs,face suicide directly and even accept the suicides?ideas.However,suicide prevention is constructed by using multimodal resources.Based on the power of life in the alternative stories,the dialogism among voices on suicide through lexico-grammar,facial expression,action,colour,intonation and opposition,denial,acknowledgement and acceptance resources in the heterogloss deconstructs suicide and opposes suicide.The meaning of life is constructed by differences and echoes in the dialogism.