植物提取物对猕猴桃软腐病致病菌的抑制活性

Inhibition Activity of the Plant Extract against the Kiwifruit Soft Rot

目的研究4种食药两用中草药对"贵长"猕猴桃软腐病主要致病菌的抑制活性。方法以"贵长"猕猴桃为实验材料,对猕猴桃软腐病进行分离纯化鉴定,采用抑制菌丝生长速率法,并采用4种食药两用中草药粗提物对猕猴桃软腐病的抑制活性进行测试。结果从"贵长"猕猴桃软腐病中分离鉴定出灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)、拟茎点霉菌(Phomopsis sp.)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)和青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)。4种食药两用中草药粗提物在50 mg/mL时对4株致病菌都具有一定抑制活性,其中八角茴香对4株致病菌都具有较好的抑制活性。结论采用菌丝生长抑制速率法,发现八角茴香对霉菌(Botrytiscinerea)、拟茎点霉菌(Phomopsis sp.)、葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)和青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)等具有较好的抑制率。

The work aims to study the inhibitory activities of four Chinese edible and medicinal herbs against the main pathogenic bacteria of "Guichang" kiwifruit soft rot. The "Guichang" kiwifruit was used as the experimental material to isolate and purify the soft rot of kiwifruit. The inhibitory activity of crude extracts of four kinds of edible and medicinal herbs against kiwi soft rot was tested by inhibiting the growth rate of mycelium. Botrytis cinerea, Phomopsis sp., Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Penicillium sp. were isolated, purified and identified from "Guichang" kiwi soft rot. The four crude extracts of Chinese edible and medicinal herbs had certain inhibitory activities on the four pathogenic bacteria at 50 mg/mL, among which Illicium verum had good inhibitory activity against four pathogenic bacteria. Through mycelial growth inhibition rate method, Illicium verum has good inhibitory effect against Botrytis cinerea, Phomopsis sp., Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Penicillium sp.