洪秀全对儒家文化的反叛与继承

Hong Xiuquan’s revolt and inheritance of Confucian culture

洪秀全作为太平天国建立者、清末太平天国运动领袖,对儒家文化的态度经历了由信奉到反叛再到利用、继承的过程。洪秀全对儒家文化的反叛表现在打倒偶像、拆毁庙宇,批判儒学、焚烧儒家书籍,改革科举制度、自行开科取士等。使用删改后的儒家经典、运用儒家制度、发展封建社会等级观念则是洪秀全对儒家文化的利用和继承。洪秀全对儒家文化的态度转变折射了中国近代社会中西文化交融背景下农民起义运动的局限性。

Hong Xiuquan is a traditional scholar in modern Chinese society;he believed in,then rebelled, finally inherited and developed Confucian culture. His revolt of Confucian culture is mainly manifested as follows: overthrowing the idols and demolishing temples, criticizing Confucianism and burning books of Confucius, and reforming imperial examination system. His return to Confucian culture in later development stage is mainly manifested as follows: employing corrected Confucian classics, utilizing Confucian system, and inheriting Confucian ideology. Hong Xiuquan’s changed attitude toward Confucian culture reflected traditional scholars’ limitation under the background of integration of Chinese and western culture in modern Chinese society.