人类命运共同体视域下南海渔业资源养护管理合作研究

The Study on the Cooperative Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea from the Perspective of the Community of Shared Future for Mankind

人类命运共同体思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分,也是为协商解决国际争端、促进世界和平发展贡献的中国智慧和中国方案。基于人类命运共同体思想,合作共赢是化解南海渔业纷争、促进南海问题和平解决的根本途径。南海渔业资源养护管理合作具有必要性和可行性。必要性源于国际法规定和南海渔业现状,可行性源于我国与南海周边国家的现有合作框架,以及渔业政策法规的相似性。南海渔业资源养护管理合作存在三种可选择路径:扩展现有渔业组织的管辖范围至南海、建立定期多边交流合作机制、签署具有法律约束力的南海渔业协定。前一种路径存在将域外国家纳入南海渔业管理的风险,后两种路径则分别是南海渔业资源养护管理合作的短期目标与中长期目标。

The community of shared future for mankind is an important part of Xi Jinping’s thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,and it is also Chinese wisdom and Chinese plan to solve international disputes by consultation and to promote world peace and development.Based on the idea of the community of shared future for mankind,cooperation and win-win is the fundamental way to resolve fishery disputes in the South China Sea,and promote the peaceful settlement for the issue of the South China Sea. Therefore,the cooperation of the conservation and management of fishery resources in the South China Sea is necessary and feasible. The necessity derives from relevant provisions of the international law and the status quo of the fisheries in the South China Sea;the feasibility derives from the existing cooperation framework between China and the countries around the South China Sea,and the similarity about the fishery policies and regulations between them. There are three alternative approaches to the cooperation of the conservation and management of fishery resources in the South China Sea: extending the jurisdiction scope of the existing fishery organizations to the South China Sea;establishing regular and soft exchange and cooperation mechanisms;and signing legally binding agreements. The former approach will make the extraterritorial countries included in the fisheries management system of the South China Sea,which is not recommended;the latter two approaches reflect the short-term goal,and the medium and long-term goal of the cooperation of the conservation and management of fishery resources in the South China Sea respectively.