基于社区营造和多元共治的北京老城社区公共空间景观微更新——以北京老城区微花园为例

Landscape Micro-renewal of Community Public Space in Beijing Old City Based on Community Building and Multi-governance——Taking the Micro Gardens in Beijing Old City as the Example

当城市进入存量发展的背景下,以公众参与为基础、微小社区空间和公共空间设施为改造对象的局部更新方式,成为城市更新的趋势。北京老城社区公共空间景观微更新更加注重公众参与的社区营造和多元共治。社区营造强调公共空间的参与性和过程性,是社区微更新的设计和实施途径;而多元共治则强调公共空间的多元性和可持续性,是社区微更新的实施和维护手段。社区营造和多元共治的途径非常多样化,分别体现在社区历史、文化和邻里关系原真性的保护和挖掘、参与式营造设计和共建、社群协调与社区自组织培育和参与式建立后期运营和维护机制等方面。基于以上思考,以北京老城社区公共空间的典型类型微花园的研究和实践为例,从微花园的观察记录到参与式设计,再到参与式共建和后期维护,探讨北京老城区社区公共空间景观微更新的方法、策略和机制,论证基于社区营造和多元共治的北京老城社区公共空间景观微更新的有效途径。

when the city enters the period of stock development,the local renewal mode based on the public participation and the micro community space and public space facilities as the transformation object becomes the trend of urban renewal.The micro-renewal of community public space pays more attention to community building and multi governance with public participation.Community building emphasizes the participation and process of public space,which is the design and implementation way of community micro renewal,while multi governance emphasizes the diversity and sustainability of public space,which is the implementation and maintenance means of community micro-renewal.The ways of community building and multi-governance are very diverse,which are reflected in the protection and excavation of the authenticity of community history,culture and neighborhood relations,participatory building design and co-construction,community coordination and community self-organization cultivation,and participatory establishment of later operation and maintenance mechanism.Based on the above thinking,this paper takes the research and practice of micro garden in Beijing old city as an typical example,discusses the strategies and mechanisms of community public spaces'microrenewal in Beijing old city from observation records to public participation in design to public participation in construction,and demonstrates the effective path of community-based community public spaces'micro-renewal in Beijing old city.