以种植为契机的乡村社区营造——以顺德霞石村社区实践为例

The Community Empowering with Planting in Rural Community——A Case Study of Shunde Xiashi Village Community Practice

城镇化过程中传统生产生活方式的改变使得乡村的景观产生了巨大变化。传统种植业的衰退是其中的原因之一。随着社区营造的发展,乡村景观营造的方式也开始有所改变。除了对于环境本身进行干预,反思与重建乡村景观生产方式可能更有助于社区的可持续发展。高城镇化的广东顺德地区,反映了我国乡村城镇化过程中面对的一些社区困境。通过对顺德霞石村2018—2019年间的社区营造活动的实践性研究,发现“种植”对于当下乡村社区营造具有积极作用。结合霞石社区花园及自主花园营造2个项目的活动组织过程及意见反馈,以种植为契机的社区营造需要结合不同参与者特点建立多层次的种植目标,共同挖掘“种植”在现代乡村社区中的价值意义;以种植活动对于乡村社区的资源分享,促进社区居民的协作;以渐进的方式推进社区不同群体对于种植需求的“表达”以及种植经验的“交流分享”。而在霞石村的实践中,风景园林专业人员亦需要不断调整介入社区的方法。在辅助设计环境的同时,风景园林专业的介入更需要结合文化景观、环境教育、可持续理念重构“种植”的现代价值,赋能社区居民,推进乡村景观及社区的可持续营建。

With the development of urbanization,traditional life and the mode of production in the rural areas changed.The key reason includes the depression of farming.The approach of the rural landscape architecture is changing with the community empowering activity in the rural area.Landscape architects began to rethink the relationship between the environment and the planting activities,which could support the sustainability of the community.The environment and community in Shunde area have changed greatly.With the decline of the traditional planting industry,the local economy,the population cooperation model,and the local ecology changed.Through a practical study of community-building activities in Xiashi Village from 2016 to 2019,it discovered the diverse role of planting activities in the countryside.Planting as an opportunity could help the community empowering.Setting multilevel goals for different participants,promoting"expression"and"communication"among different groups of communities,sharing resources and public space are strategies of Xiashi community to promote community sustainability.Landscape architects should assess and adjust the way they intervene in the community.Rebuilding the meaning of planting is the key job for landscape architects.It could empower the community to plan and develop their community with planting.