青岛德租时期城市园林规划与设计探析

Preliminary Study on Modern Landscape Planning and Design during German Lending Period in Qingdao

德国租借时期的青岛园林在中国近代园林中独树一帜,是世界范围的造林典范,是从造林到造园的成功探索,城市层面的建设意义突出。以史志、老照片、规划图与建设状况图等史实为依据,结合现场调研,梳理青岛园林规划,揭示其城市设计、科学生态、林业生产以及经济实用的规划思想。考证出公园、绿地以及林荫道布局在城市重要功能区;这些公园绿地既受到德国近代思潮的影响,又在地域环境中追求自然之美与森林化景观效果。希望理清青岛德国租借时期园林建设的状况,对当前我国城乡园林建设有所启发。

Qingdao landscape during German lending period is unique in modern landscape in China,which is the afforestation model in the world,and is the successful exploration from afforestation to gardening,and contributing to the city characteristics.From the perspective of city planning,old photos and records of construction history,through on-site investigation,the paper studies the landscape and forest planning during German lending period,reveals the planning thoughts of city design,science and ecology,forestry industrial area,economy and practice.The paper explores the parks,green areas and boulevards,proposing their layout of urban important functional areas,influenced by the domestic trend of thought in modern Germany and moreover adapted to local conditions.The landscape feature of parks and green areas should focus on the natural beauty and pursue the effect of forestation.It can straighten up the construction of landscape in Qingdao during this period,and offer theories and practice references for the healthy development of urban and rural landscape in China.