基于土方平衡的挖深垫浅复垦开挖深度研究——以赵固矿区采煤塌陷地为例

Initial digging depth of deeping-digging and shallow-filling reclamation based on earthwork balance: A case study of collapse in Zhaogu mining area

基于概率积分法模拟了赵固一矿西三盘区塌陷情况,借助ArcGIS平台3D分析功能,综合运用回溯法和土方平衡的思想,从固定复垦标高和固定最大挖深两个角度,分析了研究区挖深垫浅复垦工程在有、无充填材料情形下的开挖深度变化情况.结果表明:1)在固定复垦标高下,有、无充填材料情形下的开挖深度和基塘比都与最大挖深呈显著正相关关系,同一最大挖深下有充填材料的开挖深度和基塘比更大;2)从固定最大挖深角度看,在有、无充填材料情形下,开挖深度与复垦标高具有较强的正相关关系,基塘比与复垦标高线性正相关性明显.同一复垦标高下,有充填材料的开挖深度和基塘比相比于无充填材料更大;3)根据研究区工程设计实际情况,分别求取并验证了复垦工程在有、无充填材料情形下的开挖深度分别为3.12 m和2.98 m,相应的复垦后基塘比分别为1.345和1.282.研究结果可以更加精准地指导塌陷地复垦工程施工,对实现土方资源的最佳配置,最大限度地抢救积水土地具有重要意义.

The collapse of western No.3 district of Zhaogu 1 st Mine was predicted based on the probability integral method, then 3 D analysis function of ArcGIS and the idea of backtracking method and earthwork balance were comprehensively applied. Thereby the initial digging depth of deeping-digging and shallow-filling reclamation was studied in the presence or absence of filling materials from the perspectives of fixed reclamation elevation and fixed maximum digging depth. The results show that: 1) From the perspective of fixed reclamation elevation, both the initial digging depth and dike-pond ratio have a significant positive correlation with the maximum digging depth in the presence or absence of filling materials, at the same maximum digging depth, the initial digging depth of the filled material is larger than that of the non-filling material. 2) From the point of fixed maximum digging depth, regardless of the filling material, there is a strong positive correlation between the initial digging depth and the reclamation elevation, and the dike-pond ratio after reclamation has a strong linear positive correlation with the reclamation elevation. Under the same reclamation elevation, the initial digging depth of the filled material is larger than that of the non-filled material. 3) According to the actual situation of the engineering design in the study area, the initial digging depth of the reclamation project in the presence or absence of filling materials are 3.12 m and 2.98 m respectively, and the corresponding dike-pond ratios are 1.345 and 1.282 respectively. The results can guide the construction of subsidence land reclamation project more accurately, which is of great significance to realize the optimal allocation of land resources and to rescue the land in the water.