5G毫米波基站的OTA校准与测试方法研究

Investigations on OTA Calibration and Test Method in 5G Millimeter Wave Base Station

5G毫米波基站采用大规模多输入多输出(Massive MIMO)阵列的形式,且空口(Over the Air,OTA)测试将成为首选的5G毫米波基站测试方案。文中针对数字波束成形形式的5G毫米波基站大规模MIMO阵列,给出了相应的OTA校准与测试解决方案,提出了波束等效全向辐射功率(Beam Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power,BEIRP)的概念,并将传统的射频传导测试指标进行了波束域的拓展,即定义了波束误差矢量幅度(Beam Error Vector Magnitude,BEVM)和波束邻道功率抑制比(Beam Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio,BACLR)的指标。通过仿真与实验,验证了相关方法、指标的可操作性与合理性,以期对5G毫米波测试规范的制订有参考价值。

Massive MIMO arrays are widely adopted in 5G millimeter wave base stations, and OTA(Over The Air) test will be the prior choice to assess their radiation performance. Calibration and test methods through OTA way are presented in this paper in terms of the 5G millimeter wave digital beam-forming base stations. Beam Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(BEIRP) is proposed and several conventional radio frequency(RF) parameters are extended in relation to the radiation beams. Furthermore, Beam Error Vector Magnitude(BEVM) and Beam Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio(BACLR)are newly proposed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity and rationality of the proposed methods and parameters, which maybe valuable for 5G millimeter wave test.