翼轨加高值对高速列车过岔动力特性影响分析

Influence of wing rail lifting value on dynamic characteristics of high speed train crossing the turnout

基于岔区轮轨接触关系及轮轨系统动力学理论,以18号高速道岔可动辙叉为例,分别建立翼轨不同加高设计方案下的辙叉模型以及CRH2型车车辆模型,分析翼轨加高设计对列车过岔动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:列车过岔时,随着翼轨向外弯折,轮轨接触区域开始外移,并由此造成轮对质心垂向位置的降低,引发剧烈的轮轨冲击作用;通过设置合理的翼轨加高值,可有效解决轮对质心垂向位置降低的问题,提高列车过岔平稳性及旅客乘车舒适度;翼轨最大加高值为2 mm时最佳,与无加高设计相比,翼轨加高后,列车第一轮对垂向轮轨力及减载率最大值分别降低了18.16%和35.8%、轮对和车体的垂向加速度则分别降低了48.1%和34.7%,列车垂向振动特性得到明显改善;随着列车运行速度的提高,其过岔时的轮轨动态响应也会不断加剧,鉴于翼轨加高可有效降低列车过岔时的垂向动力相互作用,合理的翼轨加高设计将对列车在岔区的提速具有重要意义。研究成果可为我国铁路线路道岔可动辙叉的结构优化设计提供理论参考。

Based on the theory of wheel/rail contact and wheel/rail system dynamics, a frog model under the design scheme of different lifting value of wing rail and the vehicle model of CRH2 were established, respectively, in the case of the movable frog of Chinese No.18 single turnout. Subsequently, the influence of wing rail elevation design on the dynamic characteristics of the train crossing the turnout was studied. It was shown that with the wing rail bending outwards, the wheel-rail contact area will begin to move outwards when the train crosses a switch, resulting in a reduction in the vertical position of the wheelset center of mass and intensifying the impact of wheel and rail;The problem of lowering the vertical position of the wheel’s center of mass can be effectively solved by setting a reasonable value of wing rail lifting, and then improved the stability of the train crossing the switch and the comfort of passengers;the best outcome is when the heightening value of the wing rail is set as 2 mm. Compared with the design without heightened, after heightened, the maximum vertical wheel-rail force and load reduction rate in the first wheel set reduced by 18.16% and 35.8%, respectively. In addition, the vertical acceleration of wheelset and car body decreased by 48.1% and 34.7%, respectively;With the increase of train speed, the dynamic interaction between wheel and rail increases. Considering that the increase of wing rail height can effectively reduce the vertical dynamic interaction between the wheel and rail, a reasonable design of elevated wing rail will be of great significance for improving the passing speed of the train in the turnout area. The research results can provide some theoretical reference for the structural optimizing design of the movable frog on railway lines in china.