铝粉对高氯酸盐基电控固体推进剂感度的影响

Effect of Aluminum Powder on Sensitivity of Perchlorate-Based Electrical Controlling Solid Propellant

为了探究含Al的高氯酸盐基电控固体推进剂(ECSP)的感度特性,采用浇注工艺制备了金属与非金属系高氯酸基ECSP,并依据国军标方法考察了Al含量(0%,5%,10%,15%,20%)及粒径(0.05,5,25,65,105μm)对高氯酸盐基ECSP的撞击感度、摩擦感度、静电火花感度及火焰感度的影响。结果表明:高氯酸盐基ECSP的撞击感度随Al含量的增加而增大,随Al粒径的增大而减小;金属与非金属系高氯酸盐基ECSP的摩擦感度均较低,Al含量及粒径变化对其摩擦感度有一定的影响,但影响较小;高氯酸盐基ECSP的火焰感度随Al粒径的增加而降低;在10 kV电压下Al含量及粒径的变化均未导致高氯酸盐基ECSP出现明显的发火现象;含纳米级Al高氯酸盐基ECSP的撞击感度(H50=33.9 cm)高于含微米级Al高氯酸盐基ECSP(H50≥56.2 cm)。

To investigate the sensitivity characteristics of an perchlorate-based ECSP containing aluminum,metallic and non-metallic perchlorate-based ECSP with various Al content(0%,5%,10%,15% and 20%)and particle size(0.05,5,25,65 μm and 105 μm)were prepared by means of the casting process;the impact,friction,electrostatic spark,and flame sensitivities of the perchlorate-based ECSP were investigated according to the national military standard methods. The results show that the impact sensitivity of the perchlorate-based ECSP increases with the increase of the aluminum content and decreases with the increase of the particle size of the aluminum powder in the propellant. The metallic and non-metallic perchlorate-based ECSP show low friction sensitivity. The changes of the Al content and particle size have some influence on the friction sensitivity,but the effect is slightly presented. The flame sensitivity of the perchlorate-based ECSP decreases with the increase of the particle size of the aluminum powder. Under the test voltage of 10 kV,the changes of content and particle size of the aluminum powder do not result in obvious combustion of perchlorate-based ECSP. The impact sensitivity is larger for nano-ECSP(H50=33.9 cm)than in the perchlorate-based ECSP with the micro-aluminum powder(H50≥33.9 cm).