旅游影响下云南和顺古镇文化的地方性建构研究

Study on the Construction in Locality of the Ancient Town of Heshun in Yunan Under the Influence of Tourism Development

以云南省腾冲市和顺古镇为案例地,运用实地调查法和文本分析法,探讨旅游影响下和顺古镇的地方性构建。旅游发展中的多元主体通过电视作品、游记等方式进行文本建构,建构出游客想象中的地方性;又通过传承民俗文化,加强对和顺历史文化的保护、宣传与建构;再通过古镇风貌建设来进行地方实践,使其地方性不断被建构、再生产,建构出一个新的地方文化符号,重新塑造和顺古镇的地方性。由于政府政策的支持、企业的推动与资金进入、客栈经营者经济利益的驱使、游客原真性的需求与本地居民文化传承自觉等相互作用,推动了和顺古镇的地方性建构。本文为指导和顺古镇的保护与发展,为云南及至中国传统古镇的保护、古镇旅游发展提供理论支持和研究案例。

The paper takes the Heshun Ancient Town of Tengchong City, Yunnan Province as a case study, and uses the field investigation method and text analysis method to explore the local construction of Heshun Ancient Town under the influence of tourism. The study founds that under the influence of tourism development, the multiple subjects conduct text construction with television works, travel notes, etc., and construct the endemicity of tourists′ imagination. The multiple subjects also strengthen the protection, publicity and construction of Heshun′s historical culture by inheriting folk culture. What′s more, by constructing the old town scenes, local practice is carried out, the endemicity of Heshun is continuously constructed and reproduced, and a new local cultural symbol is constructed, which reshapes the endemicity of Heshun Ancient Town. The local construction of Heshun Ancient Town is promoted with the support of government policies, the promotion of enterprises and the entry of funds, the driving of economic interests of inn operators, the demand for tourists′ true nature and the self-consciousness of cultural inheritance of local residents. This paper provides theoretical support and case studies not only for the protection and development of Heshun Ancient Town, but also for the protection of ancient towns in Yunnan and China, and the development of tourism in ancient towns.