新形势下农村妇女土地权益保护的理性选择——以陕南农村妇女为例

Rational Choices to Protect the Rural Woman’s Land Rights under the New Situation:A Case Study on Rural Women in Southern Shaanxi Province

近年来,随着我国城市化进程的不断加快与农村生产经营方式的逐渐转变,农村妇女土地权益受损问题日益突出,表现也日益复杂,农村妇女因结婚、离婚、丧偶等婚姻关系变化,其土地承包权及土地征用拆迁补偿、土地流转收益等权益都遭受不同程度的侵害。产生这些问题的原因是多元而复杂的,既与当前法律和政策规定不尽完善、司法救济途径不足有关,也与传统“从夫居”的婚俗习惯、妇女自身的法律意识和维权意识不高有关。为此,要修订完善相关法律法规、增强法律的可操作性;加大政府干预与扶持力度、加强对村民自治的管理与监督;完善法律救济途径和渠道、建立多元的妇女权益救济体系;加大对农村妇女的宣传教育、不断提高其法律意识和维权意识,以从社会多方入手综合治理,切实保障农村妇女的土地权益。

In recent years,with the consistent acceleration of urbanization and the gradual transformation of rural production and management mode,the damage of rural woman's land rights has become increasingly prominent and complex.Due to the change of rural woman's marital relationship,including marriage,divorce,and widowhood,ect.,their land contract rights,land requisition and removal compensation,land transfer income have suffered much infringement in different degree.The causes of these problems are pluralistic and complex,which are not only related to the imperfect laws and policies at present,and the insufficient judicial ways,but also to the traditional marriage customs of patrilocal residence,and woman's low legal consciousness and rights protection awareness.Therefore,relevant laws and regulations should revised and the law's operability should be enhanced;government intervention and support should be intensified,and the management and supervision of villagers'autonomy should be strengthened;legal relief approaches and channels should be perfected,and a pluralistic system to relief woman's rights should be established;and the education for rural women should be promoted to constantly improve their legal consciousness and rights protection awareness.That will help us effectively protect rural woman's rights through comprehensive management from the social multiple factors.