核电厂冷源安全的挑战及对策

Challenges and Countermeasures for Heat Sink Safety of Nuclear Power Plants

对国内外近年来核电厂冷源安全重大事件进行调查,分析核电厂冷源安全面临的外部灾害风险,提出我国核电厂冷源安全提升面临的挑战。结合我国核电厂冷源安全现状,提出通过加强核电厂冷源外部灾害风险识别、建立满足核电厂冷源安全要求的防范设计基准和规范、提高致灾海生物及杂物风险监测预警能力、加强和优化取水口纵深拦截过滤手段、构建完善冷源安全状态评估和改进体系及冷源安全保障体系,加强行业和学科融合,吸收外部经验反馈和良好实践,研发和应用新技术、新设备等应对措施,以提高核电厂冷源安全水平。

Investigation is performed on significant events in recent years related to heat sink of both domestic and foreign nuclear power plants,external disaster risks faced by heat sink of nuclear power plant is analyzed,the challenges facing heat sink safety of country’s nuclear power plants are pointed out.Based on the current status of heat sink safety in nuclear plants,it is suggested to strengthen identification of external disaster risks for heat sink and establish prevention design basis and standards which satisfy safety requirement of heat sink in nuclear plants,improve monitoring and early warning capability for risks of hazardous sea creature and foreign matter,reinforce and optimize interception and filtration means at water intake,and establish and perfect assessment and modification system of heat sink safety status and safeguard system for heat sink,strengthen collaboration between research academies and industry so as to absorb external feedback and good practice,develop and apply new technologies,new equipment and other measures to improve safety level of heat sink in nuclear plant.