人工饲养鳄蜥运动能力及其与身体测量值的关系

Correlation between Locomotor Performance and Body Measurements of Captive Breeding Shinisaurus crocodilurus

以广西大桂山自然保护区人工饲养的112只鳄蜥作为实验动物,在环境温度为26℃的条件下,测定鳄蜥的运动能力(瞬时速度和持续运动距离)、尾长和附肢长(股骨长、股骨宽和胫骨长),并对运动能力与尾长及附肢长进行回归分析。结果显示:鳄蜥瞬时速度最小值为0.13 m/s,最大值为4.44 m/s,平均值(Mean±SD)为0.93±0.74 m/s;鳄蜥持续运动距离最小值为37.00 cm,最大值为255.00 cm,平均值(Mean±SD)为184.90±60.74 cm。一元线性回归结果显示:鳄蜥附肢除了右前肢股骨长(P=0.054)、右前肢胫骨长(P=0.060)、右后肢胫骨长(P=0.111)3个指标之外,其余指标都与持续运动距离有显著相关(P<0.05);鳄蜥附肢的股骨宽(包括左前肢股骨宽、右前肢股骨宽、左后肢股骨宽、右后肢股骨宽)以及右后肢股骨长与瞬时速度显著相关(P<0.05),其余指标不与瞬时速度呈现显著相关;鳄蜥尾长与瞬时速度以及持续运动距离都不显著相关。逐步回归结果显示:鳄蜥的运动距离与其右后肢股骨长显著相关(P=0.013),与其余指标无显著相关;瞬时速度与右后肢股骨宽显著相关(P=0.001),与其余指标无显著相关。综上可见,后肢对鳄蜥的运动能力起主要作用。

The experimental animals were 112 captive breeding Shinisaurus crocodilurus in Daguishan Nature Reserve, Guangxi. The locomotor performance(sprint speed and the maximal distance), tail length and limb length(the length and width of femur and the length of tibia) of S. crocodilurus are measured at 26 ℃, and the measured data are analyzed. Results showed that the minimum sprint speed was 0.13 m/s, the maximal sprint speed was 4.44 m/s, and Mean±SD was 0.93±0.74 m/s. The minimum distance was 37.00 cm, the maximal distance was 255.00 cm and Mean±SD was 184.90±60.74 cm. The result of simple linear regression showed that all the indexes of limb were significantly correlated with the maximal distance(P<0.05), except the length of right forelimb femur(P=0.055 4), the length of right forelimb tibia(P=0.060) and the length of right hindlimb tibia(P=0.111). The result of simple linear regression also showed that all the width of femur(the length of left forelimb femur, the width of right forelimb femur, the width of left forelimb femur and the width of right forelimb femur) and the length of right hindlimb femur were significantly correlated with sprint speed(P<0.05), and the other indexes were not significantly correlated with sprint speed. At the same time, the result of simple linear regression showed that tail length were not significantly correlated with sprint speed and the maximal distance. In addition, stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the length of right hindlimb femur was significantly correlated with the maximal distance(P=0.013) and the width of right forelimb femur was significantly correlated with sprint speed(P=0.001). In summary, the results showed that the hind limbs played a major role in the locomotor performance of S. crocodilurus.