意象图式下的理学“忠信”

Neo-Confucian “Zhongxin” Under the Theory of Image Schema

忠与信作为忠信思想的成分,两者的关系可见于七个意象图式:表示内外关系的容器图式、隐藏实质的表面意象图式、循物无违和徙义的路径图式、心性空间的中心—边缘图式及远近图式、尽己的虚实图式、以及忠信进德的循环图式。这些意象图式反映了忠信焦点和背景的动态和静态的关系。忠信体用有定,心的意象图式为其提供了背景框架。忠信要结合“忠信进德,修辞立诚”所含的两个内外循环图式来理解,而路径图式是其基本图式。这些意象图式的作用是隐喻性的。忠信在心空间内,重点是忠,发于心空间外重点是信。忠决定信,信是忠的外显。诚是忠信的最高境界,中间有进德、修辞的过程,目的在“居业”。

In Neo-Confucianism,the concept zhongxin is composed of zhong(loyalty)and xin(faithfulness),the relation of which can be seen in seven image schemas:“container schema”showing the inside and outside relation,“surface image schema”concealing the essence,“path schema”following righteousness without deviating from the course,“center-periphery schema”and“near-far schema”reflecting the mental space,“full-empty schema”utterly exhausting oneself,“cycle schema”being faithful to possess morality.These image schemas reflect the dynamic and static relation between zhongxin's focus and its background.The body-function relation between zhong and xin is predetermined,and mental image schema provides the background frame.The meaning of zhongxin should be understood in light of internal and external cycle schema in being faithful to be moral and refining one's words to be honest.Path schema is fundamental.These schemata are metaphoric.Inside the heart of zhongxin,the focus is zhong;outside the heart of zhongxin,the focus is xin.Zhong determines xin and xin is the explicitness of zhong.Cheng(genuineness)is the highest level of zhongxin and there exists the process of being moral and refining one's words for a successful career and life.