工夫——效验视域下的理学文化与朱陆异同

Effort: Culture of Neo-Confucianism from the Perspective of Desired Effect and Zhu’s-Lu’s Similarities and Differences

由于理学要求将天道价值下贯至人事,以保证人事活动具有天道品质,因此理学必须以贯通本体的内圣工夫为前提,并在这个基础上开展外王事业。但是理学的工夫论由于吸收了类似于宗教式的修身方式,在实际上造成了经世致用的紧张。从政治意义上来看,南宋时期朱熹、陆九渊的不同进学方法,实际上在以不同的方式回应了这个问题。朱、陆之异非只关涉内在学理上的不同,亦表现在对现实政治的考量上,二人有着路线上的歧异。

Because Neo-Confucianism requires that the value of the heavenly way should be applied to the personnel to ensure that the personnel activities have the quality of heavenly way,so Neo-Confucianism must be based on the internal efforts of holiness through the noumenon,and carry out the cause of external kingliness.However,the effort theory of Neo-Confucianism has absorbed a kind of religious way of self-cultivation,which in fact causes the tension of practical application.From the political point of view,the different research methods of Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty respond to this problem in different ways.Zhu's and Lu's differences in the paths are not only related to the internal academic differences,but also reflected in the differences in the consideration of realistic politics.