留守儿童个体歧视知觉在被忽视和自尊间的中介作用

Mediating role of left-behind children’s individual discrimination perception in neglect and self-esteem

①目的探讨个体歧视知觉在留守儿童被忽视与自尊间的中介作用,为提高留守儿童自尊水平提供依据。②方法采用儿童被忽视量表、一般歧视知觉问卷和自尊量表对河北省随机抽取的453名留守儿童进行问卷调查。③结果家庭贫困的留守儿童被忽视和个体歧视知觉得分高于经济水平一般和较好的留守儿童,自尊得分低于经济水平一般和较好的留守儿童(P<0.05);支持父母外出打工的留守儿童被忽视和个体歧视知觉得分低于无所谓和不表态的留守儿童,而自尊得分高于不表态的留守儿童(P<0.05)。儿童被忽视与个体歧视知觉呈正相关(P<0.01),自尊与被忽视、个体歧视知觉均呈负相关(P<0.01)。儿童被忽视通过个体歧视知觉影响自尊,中介效应占总效应的37.8%(F1=53.024,F2=42.510,F3=52.108,P<0.001)。④结论留守儿童被忽视、个体歧视知觉和自尊受家庭经济状况和对父母外出打工态度的影响;留守儿童被忽视程度越高,个体歧视体验越明显;留守儿童个体歧视知觉在被忽视与自尊之间存在部分中介效应。

Objective To explore the mediating role of individual discrimination perception in the neglect and self-esteem of left-behind children,and to provide a basis for improving the self-esteem of left-behind children.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 453 left-behind children randomly selected from Hebei Province using the Children Neglected Scale,the General Discrimination Perception Questionnaire and the Self-esteem Scale.Results Left-behind children with family poverty were neglected and individualized in children.Perceived scores were higher than the economic level and better left-behind children,the score on self-esteem was lower than the economic level and better left-behind children(P<0.05),Left-behind children who support their parents to go out to work were less likely to score children's neglect and individual discrimination than those who were indifferent and unspoken,and their scores on self-esteem were higher than those of non-existing left-behind children(P<0.05).Child neglect was positively correlated with individual discrimination perception(P<0.01),and self-esteem was negatively correlated with child neglect and individual discrimination perception(P<0.01).The neglect of children not only directly affected self-esteem,but also indirectly affected self-esteem through individual discrimination perception.The mediating effect accounted for the total effect 37.8%(F1=53.024,F2=42.510,F3=52.108,P<0.001).Conclusion The discriminatory perception of left-behind children has a partial mediating effect between children's neglect and self-esteem.