珍稀植物广东含笑嫁接繁殖技术

Grafting Propagation Technology of Rare Plant Michelia guangdongensis

为提高珍稀植物广东含笑(Michelia guangdongensis)的嫁接成活率,于2015-2017年春、冬季,以1~3年生的黄兰为砧木,分别对采集于广东省石门台自然保护区内的前进、上天堂、金子山、木笼顶、船底顶5个分布点的广东含笑进行嫁接试验,比较不同的嫁接方法、接穗来源、接穗个数、嫁接时间及砧木年龄、砧木地径等因素对嫁接成活率的影响。结果表明:嫁接方法采用髓心形成层对接法最好;来源于上天堂(SG4)的接穗嫁接成活率最高,其株数成活率可达92.11%,接穗成活率达81.97%;每株3~5个接穗的株数成活率显著高于1个接穗的株数成活率;利用3年生的砧木嫁接成活率及接穗成活率最高;嫁接最佳时间为冬季(12月底-翌年1月),株数成活率和接穗成活率分别为79.14%和68.84%;嫁接后对苗木进行侧芽摘除处理能明显提高成活率。研究结果可为提高珍稀植物广东含笑嫁接成活率和扩大其生产以及迁地保护提供参考。

In order to improve the grafting survival rate of the rare plant Michelia guangdongensis.In the spring and winter of 2015-2017,used 1~3 a Michelia champaca as stocks,grafting emperiment were carried out on Michelia guangdongensis which scions collected from five different distribution locations where Qianjin,Shangtiantang,Jinzishan,Mulongding and Chuandiding.Compared the effects of different grafting methods,scion sources,scion number,grafting time,root stock age,root stock diameter etc.on survival rate.The result showed that:medullary cambium docking method was the best grafting methods;the survival rate of the scion from Shangtiantang(SG4) was highest,which plant survival rate reached 92.11% and scion survival rate reached 81.97%;the survival rate of the number of 3~5 scions was significantly higher than that the number of 1 scions;plant survival rate and scion survival rate of 3 a stock are the highest;the best grafting time was the end of December to January of the following year,which plant survival rate was 79.14% and scion survival rate was 68.84%;removed lateral buds of rootstock after grafting can significantly improve survival rate.The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific basis for improving the survival rate of Michelia guangdongensis,expanding its production and relocating its site.