“四新”背景下职业教育德技并修研究的现状与反思

Current Situation and Reflection of Researches on Virtue and Skill Cultivation in Vocational Education under the “New Four” Circumstance

德技并修是立德树人在职业教育中的特定体现和要求,昭示着“四新”背景下职业教育人才培养模式的根本性变革路向,亟需对之进行系统的研究创新。通过对中国知网(CNKI)2016—2019年相关期刊文献的梳理分析,可以看出研究者主要对德技并修的内涵与价值、实施路径与策略等进行了初步探索,但总体上研究还相当薄弱,成果少、视野窄、挖掘浅,研究的问题意识欠缺、方法不够规范,实践层面的研究尤其浅表化,尚未形成科学的概念体系、清晰的问题域以及可用的操作策略。为了推进该领域的研究进展,应优先考虑这些抓手:依托课题,打造高素质、跨界的研究团队;强化研究的问题意识和方法意识;以复杂性思维的理路促进理论研究的创新;以深刻细致的行动研究和个案研究来改造实践层面的探索。

Cultivating both virtues and skills of students in vocational education is the specific manifestation and requirement of the"fostering virtue through education"initiative.This implies that systematic research and innovation for the fundamental reform direction of talent cultiration pattern in vocational education under the"New Four"(new technology,new industiy,new type of operation and new business model)circumstance are urgently needed Through categorizing and analyzing relevant academic journals and literatures published during 2016 to 2019 from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),it was found that researchers had accomplished initial exploration in regard to the connotations,values,implementation paths and strategies of virtue and skill cultivation.However,the quality of these studies were relatively poor in general.Specifically,their achievements were few;their visions were narrow;their expansions were superficial;their awareness of discovering problems in research was lacking;and their research methock were not standardized.Furthermore,ihe scientific concept system,clear problem domain and practicable operation strategies had not been established in these studies.It was also found that studies at the practical level were especially superficial.In order to promote research progress in this field,we should give priority to the following areas,including building high-quality and cross-disciplinary research teams on the basis of the research subject;strengthening awareness of discovering problems and using scientific research methods;promoting theoretical research innovation through the use of complex-thinking logic;and improving quality of practical explorations via conducting indepth and detailed action research and case study.