航天远洋测控作业环境VOCs污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs in the Working Environment of Oceangoing Space Tracking Ship

目的利用健康风险评价方法,研究航天远洋测控作业环境的挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染特征及其对人体的健康风险。方法对航天远洋测控作业内环境70种常见VOCs进行了调查监测,建立监测方法,分析有害因素来源,并运用健康风险评价的方法计算了不同VOCs的健康风险。结果从测控环境中共检出了苯系物、丙酮等14种常见挥发性有机物。航天远洋测控作业环境中VOCs中大部分都是芳香烃,空气中VOCs暴露的致癌和总风险高于可接受的健康风险水平(10-6)5.64倍和5.91倍。结论航天远洋测控作业环境VOCs中1,4-二氯苯健康风险水平最高,占总风险91.4%,建议将1,4-二氯苯作为航天远洋测控船健康风险管理的目标污染物。

Objective Taking the oceangoing space survey vessel as an example,the characteristics of VOCs in the working environment of oceangoing space telemetry and control and their risks on the health of human being were studied.Methods Seventy commonly seen VOCs in the working environment of the oceangoing telemetry and control were monitored.The monitoring methods were established,the origins of the harmful factors were analyzed,and the health risks of different VOCs were calculated by the health-risk assessment methods.Results Fourteen commonly seen VOCs,such as benzene series,acetone were detected and most of VOCs were arene.The carcinogenic risks and total risks of VOCs in the air were 5.64 times and 5.91 times higher respectively than the acceptable value of 10-6.Conclusion The highest health risk of VOCs in the working environment of oceangoing space telemetry and control was 1,4-dichlorobenzene which was suggest to be the target pollutants in the health risk managements of the oceangoing space survey vessels.