某医院住院儿童死亡监测分析及干预措施

Monitoring Analysis and Intervention Measures of Children’s Death in a Hospital

目的:探讨5年间笔者所在医院住院儿童死亡情况及干预措施。方法:对2013年1月-2017年12月笔者所在医院住院儿童死亡情况进行分析,并制定相应干预措施,以有效减少儿童死亡率。结果:2013-2017年笔者所在医院住院0~4岁儿童中,1~4岁儿童死亡率、0~4岁儿童死亡率均明显降低,不同年份间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5年笔者所在医院共死亡0~4岁儿童62例,其中23例(37.10%)为婴儿,32例(51.61%)为新生儿,7例(11.29%)为1~4岁儿童。可见笔者所在医院降低儿童死亡的重点人群为新生儿。按顺位近5年笔者所在医院住院0~4岁儿童主要死亡原因为早产及低出生体重、肺炎、先天性心脏病等,但各年构成比比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。一直居于前2位的分别是早产或低体重、肺炎。近5年出生窒息未下降,先天性心脏病病发病率明显上升,意外窒息有所下降。结论:降低笔者所在医院住院儿童死亡率的关键是采取有效措施减少新生儿死亡,具体中应在医疗机构广泛应用儿童疾病综合管理技术,强化宣传教育、减少出生缺陷、降低意外事件。

Objective:To investigate the mortality and intervention measures of children hospitalized in our hospital for 5 years.Method:The mortality of children hospitalized in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 was analyzed,and formulated corresponding intervention measures to effectively reduce the child mortality.Result:From 2013 to 2017,among the 0-4 years old children hospitalized in our hospital,the mortality of children aged 1~4 years,and 0-4 years were significantly reduced,and there was a significant difference between different years(P<0.05).In the past five years,62 children aged 0-4 died in our hospital,including 23(37.10%)infants,32(51.61%)newborns,and 7(11.29%)children aged 1-4 years.It can be seen that the key population to reduce the death of children in our hospital is newborn.According to the sequence,the major causes of death of 0-4 year old children in our hospital in the past 5 years were preterm birth,low birth weight,pneumonia,congenital heart disease,et al,but there was no significant difference in the composition ratio of each year(P>0.05).In recent 5 years,the incidence of birth asphyxia did not decrease,the incidence of congenital heart disease increased significantly,and the incidence of accidental asphyxia decreased.Conclusion:The key to reduce the mortality of children in our hospital is to take effective measures to reduce the mortality of newborn.In particular,comprehensive management technology of children’s diseases should be widely applied in medical institutions to strengthen publicity and education,reduce birth defects and reduce accidents.