民国时期辽宁水旱灾害研究(1912—1948)

Research on Flood and Drought Disasters in Liaoning during the Republic of China (1912—1948)

民国时期辽宁水旱灾害发生频繁,分析其时空分布对深入了解水旱灾害的概况及有效防灾减灾意义重大。通过对民国时期辽宁水旱灾害史料的统计分析,发现民国时期辽宁水旱灾害频发,几乎年年有灾,甚至许多年份两灾并发;水旱灾害的时间分布呈现不平衡性,主要集中于春夏两季,水灾多发于夏季,旱灾则多发于春季;旱灾的持续时间与水灾相比更具连续性,但水灾的波及地域较旱灾更具广泛性;水旱灾害的地区分布具有明显的区域性,水灾多发于辽中地区,旱灾则多发于辽西地区。

During the Republic of China,Liaoning was hit by frequent floods and droughts,it is of great significance to analyze the temporal-spatial distribution of them for a deeper understanding the general situation and effective prevention and reduction of the disasters.Based on the statistical analysis of historical materials of flood and drought disasters in Liaoning during the period of the Republic of China,we found that flood and drought disasters occurred almost every year,or two disasters occurred simultaneously in one year.There existed an uneven temporal distribution of the disasters,with floods mainly occurring in Spring,while droughts in Summer.The duration of drought is more continuous than that of flood,but the affected area of flood is more extensive than that of drought.In terms of spatial distribution,floods occurred mostly in the central region of Liaoning,while droughts mostly occurred in the western region of Liaoning.