体认语言学观照下的汉语语义组构超常及其典型性

A Study on Supernormal Semantic Composition in Chinese and Its Typicality from the Perspective of Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics

体认语言学认为,语言是按照"现实-认知-语言"顺序而成;言语的生成可概括为:体验(生活+语言)-认知-言语。组构式指其语义由组成部分意义和句法结构共同决定的复合表达式,反之为非组构式(也叫超常形式)。非组构式意义也是产生于体验和认知,形义之间的联系在反复使用中被常规化。对非组构式研究的成果十分丰硕,但对其典型性的研究尚有不足。本文在"事件域认知模型"理论指导下探讨了非组构式类型、表现、成因,及其典型性和规范化。

Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics holds that language is produced in the order of "Reality-Cognition-Language", and utterance is generated in the order of "Embodiment(life+language)-Cognition-Utterance". Compositional expressions are compound, whose meaning is determined by the meanings of the components and the syntactical structure together, conversely the meaning of non-compositional expressions, i.e., the supernormal,is also constructed on the basis of embodiment and cognition. The pair of form and meaning is conventionalized in repeated uses. The previous research on non-compositional expressions has yielded fruitful results, however, their typicality still leaves much to be desired. This article, based on the Event-Domain Cognitive Model, explores the classification, manifestations and causes, supernormal typicality, and normalization of non-compositional expressions.