马来西亚华人语言混用原因——以华语与粤语为例

Why the Chinese Malaysians Code-Mixed?——A Preliminary Analysis on the Mandarin and Cantonese Speakers

马来西亚华人一般会说华语、英语和马来语,也广泛使用祖籍方言或地方方言。华人的成长和生活环境中有多种语言群,包括华语、马来语、英语或其他语言群。马来西亚华人在社会活动中与不同语言群不时接触,在多语环境中耳濡目染下,他们在谈话中往往不经意地混杂使用不同的语言。在粤语和华语的闲聊谈话中,混用英语和马来语的情况相当明显。华人说华语和粤语时混用其他语言不无原因,主要是没有相应和适当的对等译词、其次是受谈话者的角色与双方关系、或是特别的话题所影响、说话者需要强调澄清某要点、说话者的表达习惯以及为了凸显说话群体的共同身份。

The Chinese Malaysians generally speak Mandarin,English and Malay language,and also widely use the dialects of their origin or local languages. They live in multilingual neighborhood where Mandarin,Malay,English or other language groups coexist. The Chinese Malaysians are in contact with different language groups in daily social activities. They often inadvertently mix and use different languages in their conversation. In the case of Mandarin and Cantonese conversations,the mixing of English and Malay language is quite notable. Code-mixing happened mainly due to the reasons namely,failure to find the corresponding words,the relation between the interlocutors,the conversational topic,the need to emphasize key points,the speaker’s expression habit and also the urge to uphold their mutual identity.