中国营造学社与城市史研究及古城保护

The Society for Research in Chinese Architecture, Research on Urban History and Historic City Preservation in China

通过对中国营造学社社员、《中国营造学社汇刊》等出版物、学社所组织的调查与修志等活动的考查,阐明了中国营造学社在都城史研究上的先驱作用,在汇刊刊载的多篇论文中,初步建立起了图考、图文互证的方法,以及城市制度与建筑研究相结合、注重空间分析的特点,为之后建筑学视角中的城市史尤其是都城制度史和城市营建史的形成提供了可贵的学术基础;1950年代,梁思成先生延续营造学社时期的思想,为古都北京的保护做出了卓越的贡献。

Based on the analyses of the members of the Society, the Bulletin of the Society, and the investigations and gazetteer compilations organized by the Society, this paper explicates the pioneering place of the Societ y in doing research on urban history. Methods used in a few papers of that time are characterized by cartographic interpretation and cross verification by visual and literal materials, combination of urban institutions and critical public buildings, and a remarkable focus on spatial analysis, which formed the invaluable foundation for subsequent research on urban histor y, especially for construction regimes of capital cities and history of urban construction. In the 1950 s, Liang Sicheng continued with the ideas which developed along the development of the Society to make a distinctive contribution to the preservation of Beijing.