法隆寺金堂的“舌”与《营造法式》的“燕尾”——东亚视野下一种栱端装饰源流与意义探微

From Tongue-shaped Relief(j: zetu) to Swallow-tail Painting(ch: yanwei)The Decorative Translation of the Bracket Arm in East Asia

以法隆寺金堂和《营造法式》为代表,通过梳理和归纳3-12世纪中国、朝鲜半岛、日本的墓葬、石刻、图像资料以及木构建筑实例,追寻同为栱端装饰细部的"舌"与燕尾彩画之间的演化关系。并结合对地域性的考察探寻其传播路径,在斗栱细部上为中国、朝鲜半岛、日本三地之间木构建筑样式的关联性提供了实证,同时揭示了中国北方斗栱细部样式演变的一条线索。

By analyzing cases in China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan from the 3 rd century to the 12 th century using archaeological excavation reports, surveys of wooden structures and stone inscriptions, as well as records in Yingzao Fashi, this paper argues that there is a evolutionary relationship between the tongue-shaped relief, known as zetu in Japanese, on the bracket arms of the Golden Hall of Hōryūji and the Swallowtail Painting(yanwei) shown in Yingzao Fashi(first published in 1103). It establishes a process of the decorative translation accarred. This conclusion has only been possible because a transnational viewpoint of East Asian architectural history has been employed.