精神分裂症与糖尿病患者家属照料负担及生存质量的研究

Study on the burden of care and quality of life in the relatives of patients with schizophrenia and diabetes

目的:探讨精神分裂症与糖尿病患者家属的照料负担与生存质量状况。方法:选取精神分裂症和糖尿病患者的家属作为研究对象,分为糖尿病健康家属组(A组,210名)、精神分裂症健康家属组(B组,279名)、精神分裂症合并糖尿病健康家属组(C组,89名)。以Zarit护理负担量表(ZBI)测试患者家属的照料负担,以中国居民主观幸福感量表(SWBS-CC20)测试主观幸福感,以世界卫生组织生存质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)测试生存质量。结果:B组和C组护理负担高于A组,3组护理负担程度差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.61,P<0.05)。A组SWBS-CC20量表各项因子评分高于B组和C组,且B组在知足充裕、心理健康、自我接受、心理平衡因子分以及量表总分上高于C组(P均<0.05)。A组WHOQOL-BREF量表各项因子评分均高于B、C组,且B组在生理领域、心理领域、环境领域因子分上高于C组(P均<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者家属照料负担较糖尿病患者家属沉重,主观幸福感和生存质量水平较低。

Objective: To explore the burden of care and quality of life in the relatives of schizophrenics and diabetics. Method:Relatives of schizophrenics and diabetics were divided into three groups, including healthy relatives of diabetics(group A,n=210),healthy relatives of schizophrenics(group B,n=279) and healthy relatives of patients with both diseases(group C,n=89).The burden of care,subjective well-being and the quality of life were measured by the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview(ZBI),the Brief Subjective Well-being Scale for Chinese Citizen(SWBS-CC20) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-brief Form Questionnaire(WHOQOL-BRE) respectively. Results:The ZBI scores in group B and C were higher than that in group A,and there was a significant difference in the degree of nursing burden among the three groups(χ^2=4.61,P<0.05).The factor scores of SWBS-CC20 scale in group A were higher than those in group B and C,and the factor scores of adequacy,mental health,self-acceptance,psychological balance and the total score of the scale in group B were higher than those in group C(all P<0.05).The scores of WHOQOL-BREF in group A were higher than those in group B and C,and the factor scores in physiological,psychological and environmental fields in group B were higher than those in group C(all P<0.05). Conclusion:The burden of care in relatives of schizophrenics is heavier than that in relatives of diabetics,and their levels of subjective well-being and quality of life are relatively lower.