黑城出土元代汉文文书研究

Research on the Chinese Official Documents Unearthed in Black City in Yuan Dynasty

黑城出土的汉文文书,尤其是亦集乃路公文,反映了元代公文的一些典型特征。民族融合背景下的元代公文由于撰制人员的特殊,从文风上呈现出多样性。黑城出土汉文文书按照不同的行文方向格式有所区别,从现有的较完整的黑城出土文书中能窥见端倪。用语方面,黑城出土文书属于典型的粗俗体文书,公文中掺杂直译蒙古语、口头语、还使用了部分特有词汇。黑城出土文书从侧面也反映出元代独有的公文制度与时代风貌。

The Chinese official documents unearthed in Black City,especially Khara-Khoto official documents,are the representative of the official documents in Yuan Dynasty. Because of the particularity of the compiling personnel,the official documents in Yuan Dynasty under the background of ethnic integration demonstrated the diversity in the style of writing. These official documents are divided according to different writing directions and forms of style,which is recognizable from the comparably complete parts among these documents. In terms of language using,these official documents belong to the typical vulgar style official documents,mingled with the literal-translated Mongolian and oral language,as well as some specific vocabularies. The official documents unearthed in Black City also reflect the unique official document system and the style of the times in Yuan Dynasty.