从对抗到妥协——嘉靖年间明廷对辽东兵变的处理

From Confrontation to Compromise——The Treatment of the Liaodong Mutiny in Ming Dynasty During the Jiajing Period

明代中后期,由于卫所制的败坏和募兵制的推行,导致高额的养兵费用,给国家造成了巨大的财政压力,也使得拖欠军饷开始成为常态。由于朝廷拖欠军饷、将领克扣军饷、巡抚都御史脱离实际强行“改革”,导致辽东镇辽阳、广宁二处兵变的发生。通过“廷议”,明廷决定改剿灭为招抚,乱兵的态度也由对抗转为妥协。这样,既消弭了兵变带来的动荡,也为解决这类问题提供了一个新思路,但“后遗症”也不可避免。

In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,due to the corruption of the garrison system and the implementation of the conscription system,it led to high military expenditure,which caused huge financial pressure on the country,and also made it normal to default on military pay.Because the imperial court defaulted on military pay,the generals withheld military pay,and the governors forced the"reform"from the reality,leading to two mutinies in Liaoyang and Guangning,Liaodong Town.Through“Tingyi”,the Ming court decided to change the policy of“extermination”to“appeasement”,and the attitude of disorderly soldiers changed from confrontation to compromise.In this way,not only to eliminate the turmoil brought by the mutiny,but also to provide a new way to solve such problems,but also the“sequelae”is inevitable.