老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者临床特征

An analysis of the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with malignant skin tumors

目的探讨分析老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的临床特征。方法收集2014年1月至2019年8月在南通大学附属医院住院治疗的恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的临床及病理资料。分析其中老年(≥60岁)恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的性别、年龄、组织学分类、病理分型及病变部位的特点,并与非老年(<60岁)恶性皮肤肿瘤患者进行对比。结果265例老年及30例非老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者分别纳入病例组及对照组。与非老年患者相比较,老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者具有明显的自身临床特征,肿瘤组织学分类、病理分型及分布部位与非老年患者差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的组织学分类主要为表皮肿瘤(89.43%);病理分型主要为非黑色素瘤性恶性皮肤肿瘤(95.47%),其中又以鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌为主;主要发病部位为头面部(75.85%),其次为四肢(14.34%),再次为躯干与肛门生殖器(均为4.91%)。不同病理亚型的老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者之间的性别、年龄段及部位分布差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论老年恶性皮肤肿瘤患者的组织学分类、病理类型及分布部位均具有显著自身的临床特征。组织学分类主要为表皮肿瘤,主要病理亚型为鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌,好发于头面部,提示对于老年患者的头面部的新生肿物应及早干预。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with malignant skin tumors. Methods The clinical and pathological data of patients with malignant skin tumors were collected January2014 to August 2019 at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University. An analysis was made of elderly patients(≥60 years)with malignant skin tumors gender,age,histological and pathological classification and disease sites.The elderly patients were compared with Non-elderly( < 60 years)patients. Results 265 elderly patients and 30 non-elderly patients with malignant skin tumors were included in the case group and the control group,respectively. Elderly patients had clinical characteristics including there were significant differences in histological classification,pathological subtype and the body region compared with the non-elderly patients(all P < 0.05).Among elderly patients, the main histological classification was epidermal tumors(89.43%) and 95.47%pathological classification were non-melanoma skin cancer(among non-melanoma skin cancer,mainly squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma). The main disease sites were the head and face(75.85%),followed by the extremities(14.34%),trunk(4.91%),anus and genitals(4.91%). There were differences in gender,age and site distribution among elderly malignant skin tumor patients with different pathological subtypes(all P <0.05). Conclusion There are significant clinical characteristics of the histological classifications,pathological types and sites of malignant skin tumors among elderly patients. The main histological classification was epidermal tumors, and main skin malignant neoplasms in the elderly were squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma,occurring mostly in the head and face,which suggests the early intervention in the new neoplasms in the head and face among elderly patients should be implemented as early as possible.