资本监管压力与会计政策调整——基于A股上市商业银行数据的实证研究

Capital Regulation Pressure and Accounting Policy Adjustment: An Empirical Study Based on Chinese Listed Commercial Banks Data

在金融风险防范上升至国家战略高度的背景下,金融监管作为防范金融风险的重要手段其监管效果至关重要,对商业银行资本监管有效性影响因素的研究具有现实意义。本文研究在面临更严资本监管要求背景下,商业银行是否会通过会计政调整策来缓解监管资本压力。2013年我国开始实施更严格的资本规范,这为本文提供了研究这一问题的时间窗口和数据支撑。本文研究发现,商业银行面临资本监管压力时倾向于通过会计政策调整来缓解压力。该行为可能导致顺周期效应加剧或财务报告失真,诱发资本监管套利问题;增加会计政策调整对监管资本影响的信息披露会抑制上述行为及其负面影响。

This paper studies whether commercial banks would adjust relevant accounting policies to mitigate their capital regulation pressure when facing tougher capital regulation requirements. In 2013, Chinese commercial banks began to enact a tougher capital regulation requirement,which provides us with relevant time series data. This study finds that commercial banks tend to mitigate their capital regulation pressure by adjusting relevant accounting policies when facing tougher capital regulation requirements, which may result in severe procyclical problems and misleading accounting statements. The paper suggests that detailed information of adjustments in accounting policies and their impacts on capital be disclosed so as to decrease any negative effects.