新型低维铁电材料研究进展

Recent Progress of Low Dimensional Ferroelectrics

能够通过外部电场来调控极化的铁电材料可用于非易失性存储器、场效应晶体管和传感器等领域.为了提高器件集成效率与性能,器件的小型化日趋重要,因此铁电薄膜的制备获得了广大学者的关注.但是,对于传统铁电薄膜,尺寸效应和表面效应的存在抑制了其发展.2004年石墨烯的发现预示着维度降低会引发一些不同于块材的新的特性.从此,石墨烯逐步引领大家走向二维材料的世界,掀起了二维铁电材料的研究热潮.二维铁电发展至今,已经涌现出了不少既被理论预言又被实验验证的体系,如范德瓦尔斯层状材料、铁电金属、传统低维或表面铁电薄膜、(共价)功能化铁电材料等一系列各具特色的新型铁电材料.该文先介绍了铁电物理中的一些最基本的概念、研究理论以及研究方法,然后综述了低维铁电材料在近年来的发展,最后对该领域今后的发展进行了展望.

Ferroelectric materials capable of regulating polarization by an external electric field can be applied in nonvolatile memories,field effect transistors,and sensors.In order to improve the efficiency and performance of device and even improve the integrated degree,the miniaturization of devices is becoming more and more important.Therefore,the preparation of ferroelectric thin films has attracted the attention of scholars in the world.However,size effects and surface effects inhibits the development of traditional ferroelectric thin films.But the discovery of graphene in 2004 indicates that we could explore some novel characteristics of two-dimensional materials which is much different from their bulk counterpart.Graphene therefore lead researchers step into the world of two-dimensional materials and simultaneously create a booming study of two-dimensional ferroelectric materials.In the recent years,a series of new ferroelectric materials have been predicted and proved by experimentalists,such as van der Waals layered materials,ferroelectric metals,traditional low-dimensional(or surface)ferroelectric thin films,(covalent)functionalized materials and so on.In this paper,we first introduce some basic theories of ferroelectrics and computational methods,and then summarize the recent development of low-dimensional ferroelectrics.Finally we simply show some promising prospects in their furture of this field.